Wow....
Showing posts with label Toyota Technology. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Toyota Technology. Show all posts
Tuesday, July 19, 2011
Friday, December 17, 2010
New Toyota glass blocks UV by 99%
Toyota has invented an innovative glass technology that claims to reduce ultraviolet (UV) light penetration into the front of the car by approximately 99 per cent.The new front-door glass will be used in various new cars to be launched on international markets during 2011.
Combined with UV-reducing windscreens, the use of the new front-door glass will result in an approximate 99 per cent reduction in overall UV penetration through the front-door windows and windscreen. Toyota estimates that the resulting sunburn protection is equivalent to that of wearing gloves while driving.
Windscreens, which use laminated glass, reduce UV by approximately 99 per cent through the use of a UV-blocking film between two sheets of glass in the laminating process. Door windows, however, generally use single-piece tempered glass that is often instilled with UV-absorbing material to achieve approximately 89 per cent UV protection.
For the new front-door glass technology, the interior side of the window glass has been surfaced with a high-performance UV-absorbing film to achieve approximately 99 per cent UV-reduction.
Source;
http://www.iol.co.za/motoring/cars/toyota/toyota-glass-blocks-uv-by-99-1.1002298
Saturday, July 17, 2010
Tesla and Toyota to develop RAV4 EV, hope to launch in 2012
Toyota and Tesla have officially announced that the electric prototypes being developed by the California startup are based on the RAV4 crossover, and the two companies hope to have a production version ready by 2012. When we sat down with Toyota CEO Akio Toyoda last week, he revealed that an initial prototype was being built with a Tesla electric powertrain. Since then, Tesla CTO JB Straubel revealed that his engineering team was preparing two vehicles based on an existing Toyota platform for delivery by the end of July.If the project comes to fruition, it will be great news for fans of the original RAV4 EV which debuted in the late 1990s. Several hundred of those vehicles are still on the road today and regularly turn up for sale on eBay Motors at premium prices.
The new RAV4s will use Tesla's liquid cooled lithium ion battery configuration that contains thousands of commodity laptop cells. The first prototype is already running and a larger fleet will be prepared this year for durability testing by Toyota.
Source;
http://www.autoblog.com/2010/07/16/tesla-and-toyota-to-develop-rav4-ev-hope-to-launch-in-2012/
Thursday, January 28, 2010
Auto Tech: What is a Hybrid?
Here's a interesting read....
With all the interest in electric, plug-in electric, hybrid electric and hybrid vehicles, perhaps it is time to take a step back and just look what all these names mean. They are not all the same, yet some different technologies share the same names and sometimes similar technologies use different names. A lot of it seems to depend on the marketing the manufacturers are using for a vehicle, so let’s try to clear up some of the confusion surrounding types of systems and terminology when it comes to alternate energy sources for vehicles.
First, the term Hybrid can have several meanings. It could even be a conventional engine that uses two different types of fuel such as gasoline and natural gas, although popular use lately has been referring to these as bi-fuel vehicles. When most people hear “hybrid”, they think of gasoline/electric combined powertrains – Toyota’s Prius is the most recognizable symbol of this technology.
You may here the term “mild hybrid”. This was made popular with the introduction of the Saturn Vue hybrid and is now used on the Chevrolet Malibu Hybrid. This system uses an electric motor/generator that bolts onto the engine in place of the conventional charging system. During acceleration, the unit adds power to the conventional gas engine and during deceleration, the unit becomes a drivetrain-driven generator to recharge the auxiliary battery pack. Much of the fuel economy savings from any hybrid system come from the energy during vehicle deceleration by the generator unit.
Another major feature of hybrids is their ability to stop the gasoline engine while the vehicle is sitting at a stop light and then restart it again instantly when the driver wants to move the vehicle. Even the mild hybrids have this capability to save fuel.
Some vehicles use what may be called a “medium” hybrid system, such as the Honda Civic or Insight, although you won’t hear Honda referring to it with that term. Honda calls it an Integrated Motor Assist, where the electric motor is used in place of the flywheel in a conventional transmission. This electric motor can assist the gas engine during acceleration and recharge the battery pack during deceleration just like the mild hybrids but does so much more efficiently and provides more power. Honda has made many improvements on the system since it was first introduced over a decade ago and when combined with intelligent valve control systems, is now almost equal to what we traditionally call a “full hybrid.”
Toyota’s Prius is the best known example of a “full hybrid,” a vehicle that can operate on electric power alone for some distance. It does this with a transmission that contains two motor/generator units. The design of this transmission allows the engine to remain off while one electric motor moves the vehicle. If you need more power or the battery charge is low, the gas engine will also start up to work in combination with the electric motors. Today several vehicles use a hybrid system that will operate on electric power by itself. Toyota has the Prius, Camry and Highlander, while Lexus has a full range of hybrids. Ford has the Escape and Fusion Hybrids, while GM and Dodge are using a similar system in rear wheel drive configuration in their hybrid sport utilities. GM also is using it in pickup models.
The yet to be produced Chevy Volt is also a hybrid but with a different concept. This vehicle operates on electric power all the time. When the battery pack becomes discharged, a small gas engine turns on to operate a generator, which recharges the battery pack. The gas engine never directly powers the wheels, yet this vehicle is also considered a hybrid.
Plug-in Hybrid is a new term, where the vehicle can be recharged by plugging it in to either 110-volt of 220-volt electrical outlets. This type of vehicle will operate on electric power most of the time but could still use a gas engine to supply energy for extended trips.
Electric vehicles are just what the name sounds like. They operate on Electric power only. Golf carts are a popular example, but several manufacturers are introducing electric passenger vehicles such as the Nissan Leaf or the Mitsubishi iMIEV. Toyota has announced plans for a fully electric small car similar to the FT-EV2 concept car will go on sale in 2012. Recharging these vehicles at home or work will become common practice, although already MacDonalds has announce they will offer free-to-use charging stations at some facilities and already opened the first one this past July in the U.S. In Japan, they are already working on infrastructure for electric car battery swap stations, where you pull in and exchange your leased battery for another in less time than it takes to fill a conventional car with gasoline.
While conventional gasoline powered vehicles will still dominate the marketplace for a long time, there are alternatives on the marketplace, and that is good for the future of the automobile.
Jim Kerr is a master automotive mechanic and teaches automotive technology. He has been writing automotive articles for fifteen years for newspapers and magazines in Canada and the United States, and is a member of the Automobile Journalists Association of Canada (AJAC).
Source;
http://www.canadiandriver.com/2010/01/27/auto-tech-what-is-a-hybrid.htm
With all the interest in electric, plug-in electric, hybrid electric and hybrid vehicles, perhaps it is time to take a step back and just look what all these names mean. They are not all the same, yet some different technologies share the same names and sometimes similar technologies use different names. A lot of it seems to depend on the marketing the manufacturers are using for a vehicle, so let’s try to clear up some of the confusion surrounding types of systems and terminology when it comes to alternate energy sources for vehicles.First, the term Hybrid can have several meanings. It could even be a conventional engine that uses two different types of fuel such as gasoline and natural gas, although popular use lately has been referring to these as bi-fuel vehicles. When most people hear “hybrid”, they think of gasoline/electric combined powertrains – Toyota’s Prius is the most recognizable symbol of this technology.
You may here the term “mild hybrid”. This was made popular with the introduction of the Saturn Vue hybrid and is now used on the Chevrolet Malibu Hybrid. This system uses an electric motor/generator that bolts onto the engine in place of the conventional charging system. During acceleration, the unit adds power to the conventional gas engine and during deceleration, the unit becomes a drivetrain-driven generator to recharge the auxiliary battery pack. Much of the fuel economy savings from any hybrid system come from the energy during vehicle deceleration by the generator unit.
Another major feature of hybrids is their ability to stop the gasoline engine while the vehicle is sitting at a stop light and then restart it again instantly when the driver wants to move the vehicle. Even the mild hybrids have this capability to save fuel.
Some vehicles use what may be called a “medium” hybrid system, such as the Honda Civic or Insight, although you won’t hear Honda referring to it with that term. Honda calls it an Integrated Motor Assist, where the electric motor is used in place of the flywheel in a conventional transmission. This electric motor can assist the gas engine during acceleration and recharge the battery pack during deceleration just like the mild hybrids but does so much more efficiently and provides more power. Honda has made many improvements on the system since it was first introduced over a decade ago and when combined with intelligent valve control systems, is now almost equal to what we traditionally call a “full hybrid.”
Toyota’s Prius is the best known example of a “full hybrid,” a vehicle that can operate on electric power alone for some distance. It does this with a transmission that contains two motor/generator units. The design of this transmission allows the engine to remain off while one electric motor moves the vehicle. If you need more power or the battery charge is low, the gas engine will also start up to work in combination with the electric motors. Today several vehicles use a hybrid system that will operate on electric power by itself. Toyota has the Prius, Camry and Highlander, while Lexus has a full range of hybrids. Ford has the Escape and Fusion Hybrids, while GM and Dodge are using a similar system in rear wheel drive configuration in their hybrid sport utilities. GM also is using it in pickup models.
The yet to be produced Chevy Volt is also a hybrid but with a different concept. This vehicle operates on electric power all the time. When the battery pack becomes discharged, a small gas engine turns on to operate a generator, which recharges the battery pack. The gas engine never directly powers the wheels, yet this vehicle is also considered a hybrid.
Plug-in Hybrid is a new term, where the vehicle can be recharged by plugging it in to either 110-volt of 220-volt electrical outlets. This type of vehicle will operate on electric power most of the time but could still use a gas engine to supply energy for extended trips.
Electric vehicles are just what the name sounds like. They operate on Electric power only. Golf carts are a popular example, but several manufacturers are introducing electric passenger vehicles such as the Nissan Leaf or the Mitsubishi iMIEV. Toyota has announced plans for a fully electric small car similar to the FT-EV2 concept car will go on sale in 2012. Recharging these vehicles at home or work will become common practice, although already MacDonalds has announce they will offer free-to-use charging stations at some facilities and already opened the first one this past July in the U.S. In Japan, they are already working on infrastructure for electric car battery swap stations, where you pull in and exchange your leased battery for another in less time than it takes to fill a conventional car with gasoline.
While conventional gasoline powered vehicles will still dominate the marketplace for a long time, there are alternatives on the marketplace, and that is good for the future of the automobile.
Jim Kerr is a master automotive mechanic and teaches automotive technology. He has been writing automotive articles for fifteen years for newspapers and magazines in Canada and the United States, and is a member of the Automobile Journalists Association of Canada (AJAC).
Source;
http://www.canadiandriver.com/2010/01/27/auto-tech-what-is-a-hybrid.htm
Monday, November 30, 2009
Benchmarking Shows Toyota, Honda Follow Different Paths to Hybridization
LYON, France –Toyota Motor Corp. and Honda Motor Co. Ltd. are the global hybrid leaders, together controlling 70% of the market, but a benchmarking teardown of their hybrid-electric vehicles gives a detailed view of the auto makers’ different strategies.While Toyota has worked to constantly improve hybrid performance, Honda’s strategy has been to reduce cost, says Antoine Chatelain, director of Mavel SA’s Mavtech subsidiary, which recently presented an overview of the Toyota Prius, Honda Civic Hybrid and Insight at the French consultancy’s technical center here.
The ’09 Insight is less hybridized than the ’05 Civic Hybrid, Chatelain says, noting the Civic has electric air conditioning and regenerative braking, which the Insight lacks.
In contrast, the third-generation Prius is bigger than the Insight but has lower fuel consumption and is equipped with regenerative braking and two electric motors.
Although Ford Motor Co., General Motors Co. and Nissan Motor Co. Ltd. all have launched hybrid vehicles, they trail Toyota and Honda by far. Toyota has sold 1.1 million Prius HEVs worldwide, while Honda has delivered 200,000 Civic Hybrids.
Both the Prius and Insight are based on internal-combustion platforms: the Prius on the Auris/Avensis architecture and the Insight on the U.S. version of the Honda Jazz (Fit). The Prius weighs 156 lbs. (71 kg) more than the gasoline Auris, while the Insight weighs 159 lbs. (72 kg) more than a Jazz/Fit with the same engine.
“Toyota is weight-oriented, and Honda is cost-oriented,” Chatelain says. Not counting the hybridization, the changes made to the Prius platform shaved 32.6 lbs. (15 kg) of mass; while changes made to the Jazz platform for the Insight added 30.4 lbs. (13.8 kg).
The two hybrids have a different instrument cluster, rear seat, tailgate, windows and smaller gas tank than conventional gasoline models on the same architecture. The Prius has an electric A/C compressor and water pump, “green” tires, a different parking brake pedal, tailgate and windows. The Insight has a specific crankshaft and HVAC block, and bigger wheels.
Takahuru Echigo, who works for Honda Engineering Co. Ltd. in Swindon, U.K., confirms reduced cost was a key goal in the Insight’s development but notes performance also was a factor.
Power density nearly has doubled since 1999 when the first Insight was introduced and costs are down 60%, he says. The electric motor of the new Insight is 15% lighter than that in the Civic Hybrid, with power density increased 24%.
Power density nearly has doubled since 1999 when the first Insight was introduced and costs are down 60%, he says. The electric motor of the new Insight is 15% lighter than that in the Civic Hybrid, with power density increased 24%.
INRETS, a French research academy, projects the number of hybrids sold annually could reach 1 million in 2011, 2 million by 2014 and 5 million by 2020. In 2007, sales totaled 500,000 units.
“The growth of sales should be principally in mature markets, where clients have higher buying power,” says Jean-Bruno Monteil, director of material studies at Mavel. “Awareness of environmental issues is less in developing countries, and the complexity of hybrid drive discourages buyers in emerging markets.”
Mavel also believes virtually all European cars will soon have stop/start capability.
“Stop/start is not very expensive, and hybrids are expensive,” says Mavel’s Jean-Michel Prillieux. “Stop/start is not a hybrid. Cars have had electricity on board for years, with starter motors and headlights. Stop/start is a new electric feature, like ABS (antilock braking systems or EPS (electronic stability program technology).”
In Europe, gasoline hybrids have fierce competition from diesels. The Insight has a carbon-dioxide emissions rating of 101 g/km.
The Ford Focus Econetic with a diesel engine is rated at 115 g/km, and an industry engineer says it costs only about €20 ($30) to convert a conventional 1.6L diesel Focus into a higher-mileage version with a plastic underbody shield, better engine oil and environmentally friendly “green” tires.
The cost to consumers to save a gram of CO2/km is cheaper with a mild gasoline hybrid, such as the Insight, rather than a full hybrid Prius.
In Germany, a Civic Hybrid costs €23,000 ($34,312) and emits 110 g/km of CO2, while a conventional Civic is priced at €20,050 ($30,584) and emits 154 g/km, costing hybrid customers €67 ($100) for each g/km reduction.
A gasoline Toyota Auris costs €19,000 ($28,340) and emits 154 g/km of CO2, while a third-generation Prius is priced at €25,000 ($37,290) and emits 92 g/km, costing hybrid customers €97 ($145) for each g/km reduction.
Mavel’s benchmarking studied the materials used in the cars in detail, and because it has torn down dozens of vehicles, it is able to compare the hybrids’ material usage with an average midsized European car.
The Insight uses 64% ferrous material, more than an average European car. The third-generation Prius is the leader in aluminum use, at 12%. The Prius has an aluminum hood and tailgate as part of its weight-saving strategy, says Bernard Thiebault, Mavel’s director of automotive body benchmarking.
Hybridization has little impact on the bodies of the hybrids, the executive says, noting there is no impact on passive safety but slightly additional weight for battery fixation. The principal design changes to improve performance are aerodynamics on both cars, and mass reduction on the Prius.
Juan Manuel Pedrero, marketing manager for the Spanish consultant, Robotiker Tecnalia, says the U.S. and Japan are ahead in developing electrification technologies, but after a slow start, Europe is pushing hard with a €93 million ($139 million) budget to support cooperative projects next year.
The projects are to be aimed at developing sustainable surface transportation and a 20% reduction in CO2 emissions by 2020.
A European Union document states: “The 2010 call places greater emphasis on breakthrough research aiming at radically new approaches able to respond to societal need in a time horizon of 2015-2020,” when the transport system no longer will be completely reliant on fossil fuels.
Source;
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